학내 언론사

제 19 호 How does SNS affect Our Lives?: Positive or Negative

Kicker: ENTERTAINMENT How does SNS affect Our Lives? : Positive or Negative By Ye-Dam Hwang, Cub-reporter hwangyedam1108@naver.com Do you have a SNS app in your phone? Like its meaning (social networking service), today, many people use SNS and they share their life through this app by posting some photos and texts. Also, SNS is used by people all over the world, SNS connects people globally. Through these functions, some people who are popular and have many followers appeared such as influencers and celebrities. Like buying something that an influencer used or following trends that a celebrity leads, the influencers and the celebrities affect people and their lives. However, SNS has not only positive things but also negatives. People can be swindled by influencers and some people can make an effort to be famous and popular like influencers. As this influence range of SNS is growing bigger, nowadays, some dramas and movies deal with SNS’s impact on people. These media show not only positive effects of SNS, but also their negative effects, too. Actually, they mostly treat some problems of SNS. They imply us an issue of SNS and denote the danger of people’s blindness about SNS. Therefore, this article is going to check some issues of SNS using the media and videos about it. Appearance of Dramas about SNS These days, some dramas and movies deal with SNS, especially the negatives. Maybe these media’s appearance is natural because the power of SNS and their influence are growing bigger while issues of SNS can be social problems. For example, the fast spread of information can help to convey fake news, the anonymity of SNS can cause malicious messages, and too much care of SNS can cause addiction to it. Like these changes caused by SNS, its function can make not only good effects but also bad effects. It proves that SNS affects our lives more deeply than we think. There are some dramas and movies about SNS’s negative aspects such as “Celebrity” and “Happiness Battle”. As you can guess with its title, “Celebrity” shows celebrities in SNS and their lives. It mainly describes the fancy and fierce aspect of celebrities who get money when he or she become famous that ‘Ari’ who has been an ordinary person and made a debut in the world of celebrities faces. A suspense thriller drama “Happiness Battle” shows us how people do anything to protect their images that are shown to others. Its main story is the battle between the person trying to conceal the secret and the person trying to reveal the suspicious death of one of the mothers who fiercely competed for happiness on social media. About SNS’s Problems in the Dramas In “Celebrity”, people are carried away by celebrity’s or influencer’s opinions. Since the fast spread of information, it is easy to be wish-washy with news that cannot be checked correctly if the news is true or fake. Then it can cause the malicious comments to the target of their swayed viewpoint. In the last part of this drama, the girl who helped and threatened ‘Ari’ acts like a rich person, but the truth is the complete opposite. Also the celebrities in the drama break off the person with problems to keep them from affecting by him or her, even if that person’s problem is tiny. Through these two situations, we can realize that most people who use SNS want to protect their images that show famousness and popularity. Moreover, it can be interpreted as reflecting people’s inhumanity because some people cut off relationships only for their images. In “Happiness Battle”, the mothers of an apartment compete ‘happiness’ with their social media posts. As they compete in their life, they give presents affectionately or post an ugly picture of some of them. It can seem somewhat childish, but they are obsessed with their posts’ number of likes and comments. With this situation, it can cause addiction to SNS and further destroy people’s lives. Besides the two dramas mentioned above, many SNS-themed dramas and movies appear these days. Their appearance makes clear the issues and problems that SNS gives to our lives. Since the problem of SNS is not only for special people, I hope people, at least readers of this article will beware of SNS and this article will alert people to using SNS. Sources : https://www.breaknews.com/970744 http://www.newstomato.com/ReadNews.aspx?no=1185623&inflow=N

• 작성일 2023-08-17
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 18 호 Disappearing Korean Intangible Cultural Property

Kicker: Entertainment Disappearing Korean Intangible Cultural Property By Su-Young Kim, Reporter /kimsuyoung1342@gmail.com There are many proud cultural heritages in Korea. Through cultural heritage, we can see and feel tradition and keep our own unique things. There are two types of cultural heritage, one is tangible and the other is intangible. We are going to find out intangible cultural heritage in particular. Intangible cultural properties refer to all cultural properties that cannot be preserved by materially stopping, such as music, dance, theater, craft technology, and play, which should be preserved and spiritual creation of humankind. Types of intangible cultural properties in Korea include Pansori, which is a song with a story to the drum, Talchum with a traditional mask and Onggijang, a person who can make pottery that can store food for a long time. However, these important intangible cultural properties are on the verge of disappearing. Let’s talk about why intangible cultural properties are on the verge of disappearing, why intangible cultural properties should be preserved well, the state’s efforts to preserve intangible cultural properties, and Korea’s intangible cultural properties that are now expanding into the world. I’m going to introduce some Korean intangible cultural property to you. First, Kimjang which makes a lot of kimchi at once in late autumn, has been registered as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. UNESCO made the decision in recognition that kimchi is not only a food that has been handed down for hundreds of years, but also an important cultural heritage that has shaped the identity of the Korean people. Second, Jongmyo-Jeryeak refers to the music played using dance, songs, and instruments during ancestral rites at shrine of kings and queens in the Joseon Dynasty and is also called Jongmyoak. This is the essence of court music that combines instrumental performance, singing and dancing in the Joseon Dynasty and although it shows our cultural traditions and characteristics, it has a unique style and beauty that cannot be seen in foreign countries. Jongmyo-Jerye and Jongmyo-Jeryeak were designated as national intangible cultural properties in 1964 and are preserved and transferred. Lastly, Najeonjang is a technique of grinding beautifully patterned abalone or shells on wooden furniture or objects, cutting patterns, and attaching them with lacquer. Picture of Doing Kimjang Picture of Jongmyo-JeryeakPicture of Najeonjang As I mentioned before, these intangible cultural properties are on the verge of disappearing because there is no one transferred this technology and culture. Even though craftspeople only teach their children the technology, it is not easy. Pansori, which we know well, is also in a bad situation. Pansori is more popular than other intangible cultural properties, so there seems to be no problem, but male singers are on the verge of disappearing. Few of the students who have started learning Pansori now are men. Pansori has different types of songs depending on the gender of the singer, but if this situation continues, the songs sung by men may disappear. Also, the biggest reason why intangible cultural properties are disappearing is the lack of demand. To preserve intangible cultural properties, the state also hosts public events for national intangible cultural properties or conducts transmission activities organized by transmission, selection of excellent successors and capacity building projects. However, it takes more than 20 years to become an intangible cultural asset holder. In most cases, it is difficult to make a living, so there are no more successors. Nevertheless, the reason why intangible cultural properties should be well preserved is that tangible cultural properties are connected. If intangible cultural properties are technologies to create traditional products, tangible cultural properties can be said to be the result, and in 2008, a fire broke out in Sungnyemun Gate, Korea's No. 1 national treasure. It was restored five years later, and all intangible cultural heritage craftspeople participated during the restoration process. If intangible cultural properties had been destroyed at that time, we would not have been able to see Sungnyemun Gate again. Consequently, as intangible cultural properties become another national competitiveness, their role is becoming important. “A tiger is coming down” of the band "Inalchi" has gained worldwide attention and popularity with a song based on pansori. And the tug-of-war in the drama Squid Game is also listed as an intangible cultural property. To create new things based on old things, the original intangible cultural properties must be well preserved. I think policies related to supporting education expenses for transmitters should be further strengthened for Korea's intangible cultural properties to be well preserved and inherited and it is important to try to be more friendly and widely known to the public. Therefore, in each region, there are festivals where you can enjoy the unique intangible cultural properties of the region, such as the Gwangalli Eobang Festival (Fishing Village Festival) and Jeju Intangible Cultural Heritage Daejeon. I hope you will experience intangible cultural properties in person, feel how precious they are and continue to pay attention through these festivals. Sources : Cultural Heritage Administration https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=egs33HTr9Tc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cysYVhMt82I https://youtu.be/3P1CnWI62Ik

• 작성일 2023-05-29
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 17 호 Virtual Influencer’s Diversified Stage

Kicker: ENTERTAINMENT Virtual Influencer’s Diversified Stage by Ji-Min Baek, Reporter pjm5875@naver.com Do you know about an influencer named ROZY? I think you have probably seen her in a TV commercial at least once. ROZY is the first virtual influencer in Korea, working in a variety of fields beyond being an advertising model. The virtual influencer market is growing not only in Korea but also around the world, and virtual influencers are emerging in various fields, so I will cover about this in the article. About Virtual Influencers Virtual influencer is a combination of virtual, which means virtual, and influencer, which means celebrity, and is a newly coined word that means virtual celebrity, made by computer graphics. Virtual influencer is mainly set to 10-20 Generations and is first released through Social Network Services. It is not a real human being, but it has a human figure and each has its own characteristics. In addition, like actual influencers, they run SNS and share and communicate their daily lives. Virtual influencer has an image of MZ and is more preferred by companies because they have less risk than ordinary influencers or celebrities who may have problems such as privacy. Accordingly, companies develop their own virtual influencer and promote using them. Virtual Influencer Is Active Virtual influencer mainly acts as an advertising model, and marketing using virtual influencers in the distribution industry was the main focus. They are expanding their scope of activities by conducting live broadcasts that communicate with customers in real time beyond just filming advertisements. The most active virtual influencer in Korea is Lucy, developed by Lotte Home Shopping. Lotte Home Shopping introduces Lucy as a 29-year-old model and car design researcher who majored in industrial design, which is gaining huge popularity by securing many followers on SNS after its release. Lucy made her successful debut as a live commerce host, selling out the luxury fashion brand's merchandise in 25 minutes. In addition, ROZY mentioned above was a first-generation virtual influencer and served as a model exclusively for various advertisements as well as Shinhan Life. ROZY has a pure Korean name, meaning only one person, and is seen as an image of a unique fashion sense and a free-spirited sociable personality. Accordingly, ROZY's bags and cosmetics and so on are called ROZY Items and are attracting attention. lottehomeshopping instagramrozy.gram instagram Musinsa, a fashion platform, produced a virtual human ambassador, a virtual influencer working with Yoo Ah-in, an advertising model. Virtual influencers are working as youtubers and girl groups beyond simple models and SNS communication. Rui is a virtual youtuber developed by startup company dob studios, singing and running his own channel, RuiCovery. In addition, the recently debuted virtual girl group MAVE is the debut of a character in the netmarble game. MAVE is based on the worldview that four children from the future crash-landed on Earth in 2023 in search of freedom of emotion. In addition, a sound source and music video called Pandora were released. As such, virtual influencers work with quite specific situation settings and characteristics, and their popularity is also growing day by day. In addition, they are gradually moving beyond marketing means and models to the entertainment field and developing their own contents. Concerns about Virtual Influencers There are also voices of concern as the location and popularity of virtual influencers grows. Some argue that the more non-human beings resemble humans, the higher their likeability, but according to the theory called Uncanny Valley, which suddenly feels strong rejection when they reach a certain level, there may be a strong rejection of virtual influencers at an instant. In addition, ethical considerations will be needed for comments such as reviews of virtual influencers' experiences that do not exist. In addition to the foregoing, there are a variety of virtual influencers, and the field is also expanding. With the introduction of virtual influencers, many contents will gradually change, and as new things emerge, side effects are expected, so we should continue to pay attention and see how we will proceed. Sources: https://www.viva100.com/main/view.php?key=20230206010001573 https://economist.co.kr/article/view/ecn202302060055 https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/economy/it/1076401.html https://www.inews24.com/view/1560918 https://post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=31924548&memberNo=30295480&vType=VERTICAL https://post.naver.com/viewer/postView.naver?volumeNo=30806477&memberNo=21959512&searchKeyword=%EA%B0%80%EC%83%81%20%EC%9D%B8%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%96%B8%EC%84%9C%20%EB%A1%9C%EC%A7%80&searchRank=2 https://newsis.com/view/?id=NISX20221214_0002123080&cID=13001&pID=13000 https://www.polinews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=601799 http://www.readersnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=106742

• 작성일 2023-02-20
• 좋아요 Like 1

제 16 호 2022 FIFA World Cup Qatar

Kicker: ENTERTAINMENT 2022 FIFA World Cup Qatar by Ji-Min Baek, Reporter pjm5875@naver.com The 2022 World Cup, a global soccer festival, is being held in Qatar. The World Cup started on November 21st and runs for about a month until December 19th. The opening ceremony of the World Cup opened with world-class musicians performing, beginning with the BTS Jung-kook’s dreamers stage. This is the first World Cup ever held in the Middle East. The World Cup is usually held from June to July, but in Qatar, it was held in November because it was not suitable for soccer games due to high summer daytime temperatures and high humidity. As a result, it is expected to be recorded as the first winter games ever. Qatar World Cup Mascots and Official Ball Fans are interested in the symbolism of each competition, including mascots and official balls. For example, during the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics, mascots were loved a lot and mascot-related products were sold out. The mascot was also unveiled in Qatar World Cup. The Qatar World Cup Organizing Committee announced a mascot La’eeb in April that embodies traditional Arab costumes. La’eeb means an attractive player with excellent skills in Arabic. It is wearing traditional Arab clothes with the meaning of the World Cup, which will be held for the first time in an Arab country. La’eeb is an adventurous, fun and curious character that conveys the joy of soccer to everyone. In addition, La’eeb can be used online, where La’eeb’s GIF and stickers can be downloaded through various social media channels, including Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok. Al Rihla means the journey in Arabic and is inspired by Qatar's culture, architecture, iconic boats and flags. The official ball with this meaning is the 14th ball made by Adidas for this World Cup. The ball was designed with sustainability first, and in fact, this official ball is the first FIFA World Cup ball only made of water-based ink and glues. <La’eeb is revealed as Qatar’s FIFA World Cup™ mascot> <Al Rihla by adidas revealed as FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™ Official Match Ball> Cheering for the Qatar World Cup There is also a wave of cheering for the Qatar World Cup. First, Naver broadcasts online during the Qatar World Cup and operates community services and various pages. Naver Sports provides live broadcasting of World Cup matches and VOD services for major matches and provides a "cheering talk" function that allows you to cheer in real time while watching live matches. In addition, there will be a space where fans communicate and cheer with the site, including the World Cup official open talk, where people can gather together and cheer together without restrictions on the number of people. Kakao released a cheering video featuring Kakao Friends. In addition, a Qatar World Cup page has opened on Daum, a portal site, to provide information on the game and to leave a message of support for the Korean national team. In addition, various companies are holding events with messages of support using World Cup marketing. The Qatar World Cup is the first World Cup to be held in winter in history and the first in Asia in 20 years since the 2002 World Cup. It is also a World Cup with many meanings held in the smallest country in history. In this World Cup, I hope that the Korean national team will go up to high places with good performances, and it would be good to participate in various online cheering places as seen above. Sources: https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/qatar2022/media-releases/laeeb-is-revealed-as-qatars-fifa-world-cup-tm-mascot https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/qatar2022/media-releases/al-rihla-by-adidas-revealed-as-fifa-world-cup-qatar-2022-tm-official-match https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20221108067600017?site=mapping_related https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20221118067100017?input=1195m

• 작성일 2022-11-29
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제 15 호 The Reason Why People Love Romance Reality Programs

Kicker : ENTERTAINMENT The Reason Why People Love Romance Reality Programs By Yun-Seo Jung, Cub-Reporter yysj1230@naver.com ‘EXchange’, ‘Change Days’, ‘I Am Solo’,.. Have you heard or watched these programs? Recently, various romance reality shows have been aired with the great attention of the viewers such as ‘Exchange,’ ‘I Am Solo,’ ‘Change Days,’ and ‘His Man’. Romance reality programs are based on various subjects, including people who meet each other for the first time, couples who have broken up, couples who do not get along well with each other, and even LGBTQ – Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer or Questioning. There is a craze for dating reality programs, especially the most popular program is the EXchange series. On June 25th last year, ‘EXchange 1’ was first unveiled through the domestic OTT platform, ‘Tving.’ The program, which had been a hot topic even before it was aired due to the title of "Transfer," drew people's attention in that it was different from the existing romance reality programs. Unlike the previous love reality programs, which men and women who had no contact with each other met and were looking for love, ‘Exchange’ is distinguished that it is a story about broken up couples living with ex-girlfriends or ex-boyfriends called X and finding their own love. The view count of the full version of "EXchange 1" and "EXchange 2" released on YouTube And then, how popular is this program? Tving, which the main episode is released on, does not disclose the number of views of the original content. However, as of early August, the views of the official clip video had reached about 10 million for about three weeks since the release of ‘EXchange 2,’ showing its popularity. In addition, according to the analysis of the mentions of ‘Some Trend,’ a big data analysis center, the number of mentions of SNS on July 15, when ‘EXchange 2’ was first released, was about 30,000. In the case of other programs, about 2,000 cases of ‘His man,’ about 900 cases of ‘I AM SOLO’ and about 380 cases of ‘Change Days’ have been mentioned steadily. Why Are Dating Reality Programs So Popular? Then, why is love reality so popular? A psychology professor at a university said that it can explain the reason why the MZ generation likes to observe other people's love through a dating reality program with a normal crush phenomenon. Normal crush is a combination of normal, which means ‘normal,’ and crush, which means ‘falling in love.’ In direct translation, it means 'opposite to the ordinary.’ In other words, it refers to the tendency to pursue general and ordinary things rather than special and colorful things. The professor said that, “Realistic means that it is accessible,” adding "They really like the part that viewers of the program can observe and accessible around us, not the relationship of great celebrities." And then, he linked the reason why the current popular programs have a unique setting unlike before, but it is popular with the honest characteristics of the MZ generation. He explained, "Every human being has a desire to be another me, and I think the MZ generation actively want to express this desire. I think it is the characteristic of the generation that expresses ‘the desire to change partners’ or ‘live in the same house with their X,’ without looking at others feelings.” Kim Heon-sik, a pop culture critic, analyzed that the reason why romance reality programs with unique settings are so popular is because the point that viewers consume the programs has changed. He said that the love can be completed only when dating or marrying in the past, but nowadays, even if not necessarily, it has changed to consume the men and women matching themselves, and now the focus is on consuming various situations and emotions that come from the meeting itself. Therefore, it is considered that the reason why non-celebrity love reality shows, which appeared after a long time, have become so popular with viewers is because of differentiated concepts that reflect the changed times. Viewers cheered the appearance of romance reality programs that realistically reflected the changed generation, which soon led to tangible results such as engaging topics. The Desirable Attitude of Viewers Toward the Program The love reality shows are characteristic in that they have non-celebrities as casts, and they have approached viewers more realistically, but there are certainly problems that follow. Viewers who were just dissatisfied with the appearance of the cast acting with sincerity by immersing themselves in the program situation, did not stop watching, but made indiscriminate ridicule and excessive slander to them. They even visited their personal SNS and continued to send personal aggression DM (Direct Message) to criticize the cast. As the phenomenon became more serious, the production crew of one program wrote on SNS directly to stop the slander toward the cast members. It is also important for viewers to immerse themselves in the program and enjoy it, but it is a problematic behavior to be overly immersed and slander the cast. The burden of casts who participate in the program with honest emotions by revealing their personal information to many and unspecified persons will also be significant. Therefore, viewers who appreciate it should also have a desirable viewer’s attitude that does not indiscriminately criticize them. As the generation changes and the time changes, even programs with the same formats are changing accordingly. With the popularization of OTT platforms, the types of programs have diversified, and limitations are disappearing in various areas such as the type of cast, and the level of broadcasting. Therefore, I think viewers' attitudes toward non-celebrity casts should also become more desirable because programs that star non-celebrities are likely to spread in the future. Sources: https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/A2022011309540004837 https://some.co.kr/analysis/social/mention?keyword=%ED%99%98%EC%8A%B9%EC%97%B0%EC%95%A02&startDate=20220722&endDate=20220821&sources=blog%2cnews%2ctwitter&excludeRT=false https://some.co.kr/analysis/social/mention?keyword=%EB%82%98%EB%8A%94%EC%86%94%EB%A1%9C&startDate=20220722&endDate=20220821&sources=blog%2cnews%2ctwitter&excludeRT=false

• 작성일 2022-08-29
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제 14 호 What about Going to Festival?

Kicker: ENTERTAINMENT What about Going to Festival? Festivals Being Held after Covid-19 By Kyung-Jin, Cub-Reporter rudwls3415@naver.com Do you like to enjoy something in crowded places or go to festivals together? Then, do you have memories participating in festivals or events recently? Perhaps there is No. It is because there could not be events that would bring many people together because of Covid-19. Therefore there was no way to gather majority indoors or outdoors and nothing to enjoy. Many people like to go to festivals and concerts, however recently, as the restriction of social distancing has disappeared, we can take off our masks outdoors. And various festivals have begun to be activated because there is no limit on the number of people. Various festivals have been announced to resume, and festivals are actually underway. First of all, the best festival for students like us to participate in is university festivals. With the operation of various booths and invitation of invited singers, many people can enjoy the festival again. There are university festivals that have already been held in May, and there are university festivals that are scheduled to be held in the future. Sangmyung University is also scheduled to hold a festival in May 30 and 31. And also it is scheduled to come Psy and Jannabi as invited singers, and booths will be operated by various departments and clubs. In June, the Water Bomb event is scheduled to resume at Jamsil Stadium in Seoul. The Waterbomb Festival is a music festival where audiences choose their favorite artists and teams, watch artist’ performances, and have water gun fights. It is not a viewing festival, but a participatory festival that allows everyone to become the main character of the festival. It has not been held for two years due to Covid-19, but this summer’s music festival brand Water Bomb will be held. It is a music destival where you can enjoy performances and water events by various artists such as K-pop, hip-hop, and EDM. What is unique is that it is a festival that only adults can participate in. The Youth Festival is held in Olympic Park. The Youth Festival is a festival that began in 2009, with a cumulative audience of 200,000 people. Although it has not been held due to Covid-19, it has been receiving attention from many people as it resumed this year. This festival is expected to be enjoyed in various fields because it is a festival where you can experience various cultures such as lecturers, performances, and talks. There is another festival held at Olympic Park. It is the Seoul Park Music Festival. It was the first held in 2018, and this year is the third on due to Covid-19. It is a festival where you can see performances, eat, and enjoy things in the park in the city. Unlike other festivals, it is representative music festival that anyone can enjoy together. In addition to the artistic field, festivals and events are being held in sports and various fields. In sports, the timing of Covid-19 and the current pattern have changed a lot. As before, eating and cheering were allowed in the stadium. As there is no seating distance, more people are coming to the stadium, and sports clubs are also resuming events for spectators. There is also an event to discount ticket prices, so many people are enjoying leisure while enjoying this benefit. In addition, the All-star Game, which can be called a sports festival, will be held again. It is expected that festivals that were not enjoyed during the Covid-19 period will resume in these various fields. More festivals are being held and scheduled. This change means that our lives are returning to the same routine as before. As the festival is held, there is a place where many people can enjoy leisure time and be together again. I hope that there will be more opportunities for everyone to shake off all the difficulties and enjoy them as one. Sources: https://www.wikitree.co.kr/articles/755776 https://imnews.imbc.com/replay/2022/nwtoday/article/6362783_35752.html

• 작성일 2022-05-28
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 12 호 Do You Know How to Ride a 'Ddareungi' Bike Cheaper?

Kicker: ENTERTAINMENT Do You Know How to Ride a ‘Ddareungi’ Bike Cheaper? : Introduction of the Bicycle Driving Ability Certification System By Su-Yeon Park, Reporter possible921@naver.com Have you ever ridden a bicycle called Ddareungi? ‘Ddareungi’ is a public bicycle system provided throughout Seoul, and it is a kind of living transportation. Many people enjoy cycling as a sport that they can use on the streets, including the Han River. In addition, bicycles are not only healthy means of transportation, but they also do not emit greenhouse gases, so there is no environmental pollution problem. Currently, the cost of using Ddareungi for an hour a day is 1,000 won, and you can use it at a low price. But if you could use a bicycle 30% cheaper, would you like to try it? There is always a risk of traffic accidents because roads are mixed with various means of transportation other than bicycles. According to the analysis results of bicycle traffic accidents released by the National Police Agency and the Road Traffic Authority, about 50,000 bicycle traffic accidents have occurred over the past 10 years (2011-2020), and 6,233 casualties have occurred in 5,667 traffic accidents in 2020. The bicycle driving ability certification system was introduced with the aim of preventing accidents by learning clear safety rules. <Bicycle Traffic Accident Analysis Results> What is the ‘Bicycle Driving Ability Certification System’? The "Bicycle Driving Ability Certification System" is a system newly introduced in June 2021 to enhance the effectiveness of bicycle safety education and to create a proper and safe bicycle use culture. It is a kind of license that a bicycle rider can obtain, like a driver's license granted to a vehicle driver. About the Bicycle Driving Ability Certification Test Precaution First of all, only Seoul citizens are eligible for the ‘Bicycle Traffic Safety Education Certification’ test in Seoul. Then, you must be a person who has completed bicycle safety education (theory and practice). Therefore, you should apply for bicycle safety education through the ‘Seoul Lifelong Learning Portal’ before taking the test. How to apply? 1. Access the website of the ‘Seoul Lifelong Learning Portal’: (https://sll.seoul.go.kr/main/MainView.dunet) 2. Click ‘All house number 1 (Neighborhood Learning Center)’. 3. Apply for education at the desired place by referring to the schedule posted in 'Seoul City Course Information'. <Example of how to apply for traffic safety education for bicycles> Overview of the test The certification system program is conducted in the order of safety education course completion, writing test, and practical test, and if you score more than 70 points on both writing and practical tests, you can qualify in recognition of your bicycle driving riding ability. Depending on the age of the candidate, the test types are divided into beginner level (9 to under 13 years old) and intermediate level (13 years old or older). Please refer to the table for evaluation items, evaluation contents, and acceptance criteria for each type. Type Target Evaluation items Evaluation contents Criterion for passing Beginner 9 to under 13 years old ∙Writing test -For infants or elementary school students ∙Practical test -Basic skills test for driving ∙Writing test -Traffic laws -Signals -Driving theory -Common sense -etc ∙Practical test 1) Basic skills test for driving: -Safe start and stop -Signals (left and right) -Gear shift -Sudden stop -Crossing the crosswalk -Passing through the intersection (turn left) 2) Driving test (Driving on the road): -ㄹ-shaped course -8-shaped course -Zigzag course Upon completion of writing and practical tests Intermediate level Over 13 years old ∙Writing test -For middle and high school students or adults ∙Practical test -Basic skills test for driving -Driving test (Driving on the road) When scoring more than 70 points for each of writing and practical tests Benefits If you pass the intermediate class of the ‘Bicycle Driving Ability Certification’, you can get a discount on the usage fee of ‘Ddareungi’. 1. Of the Ddareungi usage fees, ‘daily ticket’ will be discounted by 30% and the ‘regular ticket’ will be discounted by 15%. The discount period is two years from the date of certification, which is the validity period of certification. 2. The method of applying the discount is as follows. Successful applicants can automatically receive discounts when purchasing daily or regular tickets from the app after signing up for the ‘Seoul Bicycle Ddareungi’ app. <Discount Application Example in App> People living in modern society are enjoying a more convenient life thanks to various means of transportation. However, it should also be kept in mind that some people who do not abide by norms and rules can harm others. For example, pedestrians on the sidewalk may be injured by bicycles that are indiscriminately parked on the street. In addition, bicycles fall under the Road Traffic Law and are treated as traffic accidents in the event of an accident, so bicycle drivers need to pay special attention. I hope that the introduction of the bicycle driving ability certification system will be a successful start to revitalize a safe bicycle culture. I look forward to creating a safer transportation environment by gradually expanding such safety education and applying it to public bicycles as well as other means of transportation such as electric kickboards.

• 작성일 2021-11-22
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제 12 호 The Reason Why Squid Game Is So Popular

Kicker: ENTERTAINMENT (DRAMA) The Reason Why Squid Game Is So Popular: Thanks to Reality By Dong-Wook Kim, Editor smartpodo@kakao.com Squid Game is gaining sensational popularity being the first place in 94 countries on Netflix. More than 142 million people have watched this content. This number is three-quarters of Netflix subscribers. With this trend, some people might wonder wouldn’t a game like this happen in reality if the rich investors put their money into it? Japan has released a death match genre before Squid Game, which is evaluated to be similar to Squid Game. However, the content could not melt the hearts of the public. What made Squid Game more popular than other similar genre contents? The Likelihood of the Story Different from Other Works Like Squid Game, this kind of genre is called a battle royale. Battle Royale is a genre which players compete with each other until the last player survives in the end. It is a series of processes that players eliminate to go up. A Japanese comic named ‘Battle Royale’ was the example of this genre. The host locks up the students (players) to make each other to kill themselves. This kind of setting which is extreme gives a lot of tension to the audiences. However, there were a lot of works which use battle royale settings, but they failed to become a success. One of the Scenes that is Used in the Movie ‘Battle Royale’. The setting used in Squid Game is not that tempting, but the relations and the story between the characters are quite unique. Most of the battle royale story focuses on the survival of the main characters rather than how these characters end up being here or why they are fighting. The whole story gets off track and viewers lose interest. Squid Game put emphasis on the background of the characters. A man with a suit suggests people who have no money to do a game of slap-match to win for money. The people get attracted with this simple rule at the same time, dragging themselves into this money game. This action makes people who have no hope because of money to earn money easily just by winning a simple game. It helps the viewers to understand why these people are driven to the end. Main Characters who appeared in Squid Game During the game, there was a chance for the players to give up the game if the majority of the players agree to do so. The competitors barely gave up not to do the game but the upcoming reality was as painful as the game. The Squid Game director adds the inevitable family issue on why the players should rejoin the game. This slight detail made the viewers to empathize and get into the characters. Simple & Interesting Korean Traditional Games The games which Squid Game represents are very Korean style. Red light, green light, Dalgona, Tug of War, Marbles and the Squid Game. These games seem to be everywhere around the world, but they are just so Korean. This might be a reason why foreigners thought these games are very interesting and remind themselves of their countries’ way. Back in the day when there was no internet and no smartphones, the games that children were able to play must have been limited. Games, like marbles and slap-match, might be familiar to most of the people around the world. These games share a common ground that the rules are easy to understand to join for the first time. Traditional Games in Squid Game Something that Could Exist in Reality Life is a circle of infinite competition. Most of the people around the world agree with this sentence. What if the reversal happens from those who have fallen behind in the competition? This extreme story makes people to put in their lives. The scene that VIPs enjoy watching the show between the competitors plays a part too. The viewers might think that this could really happen if billionaires make everything come true inside the Squid Game. Squid Game also sets the VIPs as foreigners. When the final game, Squid Game, starts, the frontman introduces the game rules of Squid Game because the Squid Game has some typical rules. The frontman is a tool that the directors considered for foreigner viewers. Imagine if the VIPs were Koreans and the frontman is explaining the rules to them. The viewers might seem that it is a bit awkward. YouTube Creator Mr. Beast Preparing for the Real Squid Game Over the past few years, OTT, short for over-the-top media service, are becoming a trend. One of the dominant OTT platforms, Netflix, is investing a lot of money in Korean contents. As a reward to this belief, Korean contents are repaying with high profits. Since Disney is ready to compete with Netflix, it is important to release more entertaining original series. Korean content makers and Netflix have become interested in each other, so the subscribers’ expectations of high-quality content follow. Viewers from all over the world are falling in love with Korean content like Squid Game. The situation is win-win for both Korea and Netflix. For Korea, it is a step further to become a powerful content making nation. We are about to become a country that produces good music, dramas and movies this will help us to become a powerful nation that can influence other countries. For Netflix, they are in a situation of losing customers due to Disney and other OTT services. Taking advantage of the crisis, this is a great opportunity for them to show customers who the original owner of the OTT market is. Competition between the big platforms is always great news to the users. Let us expect some overheat in this market. Sources: https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/elaminabdelmahmoud/squid-game-netflix-review-lupin-international https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/pop-culture-news/netflix-s-squid-game-sensation-here-s-why-it-s-n1280646

• 작성일 2021-11-22
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제 11 호 Two Sides of the Algorithm : Focusing on YouTube Sensationalism

Kicker: ENTERTAINMENT Two Sides of the Algorithm Focusing on YouTube Sensationalism By Su-Yeon Park, Cub-Reporter / Eun-Jae Choi, Reporter possible921@naver.com/ Weloveeun123@naver.com The COVID-19 and non-face-to-face routines have accelerated digital transformation. Almost all daily activities are online, from travel, finance, accommodation, and delivery to purchasing OTT service content such as YouTube and Netflix. In particular, the rapid provision of customized information recommended by AI algorithms brings speed and convenience while taking consumers away from the pleasure of obtaining various kinds of information themselves. Do people "want to look for new things, hear them, believe them?" or "do they only look for what they want to see, hear what they want to hear, believe what they want to believe?" Let's find out the concealed two sides behind recommended services based on AI algorithms in the era of big data. The current portal's news arrangement service is done through algorithms. Kakao, one of Korea's largest social media platforms, has introduced "Rubics," an AI algorithm-based personalized news recommendation system since 2015, while the portal Naver has introduced "AiRS" since 2017. However, on June 17, the Special Committee on Media Innovation announced that it would seek to eliminate the system of recommending news through the portal's AI algorithm and strengthen news editing rights for news users and news media companies. The decision draws attention as it comes amid a debate over speed and convenience versus confirmation bias. Some argue that AI news recommendation algorithms that analyze people's tendencies increase users' satisfaction by providing search results very quickly based on personalized news preferences, and others say the lack of exposure to various news not only leads to confirmation bias but also does not help healthy society development. The biggest problem with AI recommendation algorithms begins with the priority of providing customized news or content that each individual prefers. American jurist Cass R. Sunstein called “Echo Chamber” the phenomenon of having biased thinking while communicating only with people he/she likes or has similar thoughts. This brings about "Confirmation Bias" in which certain individuals consume only content that suits their taste, AI algorithms continue to recommend content that they prefer, and at the same time do not listen to stories that people disagree with them. Among various media, algorithms can also be found on YouTube, which is used by many people. As with all SNS channels, users want to use the program for a long time, so they use algorithms by increasing their stay time by continuously showing videos that suit viewers' interests. However, these algorithms are causing many problems in which the subjects in the video are more sensational and excessive. The YouTube algorithm is also associated with Google. YouTube is designed to allow users to expose themselves to advertisements, earn profits and earn a lot of money from Google. In other words, the longer you use YouTube, the more advantageous it is. Therefore, YouTube algorithms increase viewing time, become addicted, and lock them up on YouTube platforms. Since popular videos are also exposed to the top of the search results, YouTubers use them to create more views and popular videos. This phenomenon is known as cyber-reck in online space. Cyber-reck cars have emerged as a word for YouTubers who quickly create and increase views whenever an issue occurs in an online space, such as a tow truck running to a traffic accident scene. Recently, YouTubers who create and increase the number of views by piecing together avideo like the case of medical student Son Jung-min, who was broadcasted in "I Want to Know It," can feel the seriousness. There are also false profit structures that incite subscribers or earn profits by spreading false information. In addition, YouTubers are increasing the number of views by sensationally adding thumbnail images and titles, which are preview images, to induce their own video clicks. Since YouTube consistently updates videos that users will like and be interested in, users end up stuck in certain frames and exposed to similar tastes of videos. Therefore, the continuous exposure of sensational thumbnails and images creates a big problem of uncritically accepting sexually targeted media. According to a survey of U.S. adults in the fall of 2018, the Pew Research Center said 64% of YouTube users find false information videos while using YouTube. In addition, 60 percent of people said they often see videos of people acting dangerously or in trouble. It shows that most people who use YouTube have seen videos that are problematic. There is a problem to leave various platforms to artificial intelligence alone. Therefore, it is necessary to discover new high-quality YouTube videos to prevent the spread of provocative and fake content indiscriminately. < U.S. YouTube User Survey> What should we do to avoid falling into the affirmative bias? You have to be in a position to double check if the information you are watching is really true. It is necessary to check whether the corresponding sources, media, and sources are properly identified. It should also be aware of various content and question whether only one's opinion is being unilaterally sent out. In the case of YouTube, harmful videos need to be actively blocked and reported one by one to create a better social environment. Furthermore, in the case of news, it is important that major portal sites in Korea provide services to users to select and organize news screens, not click the news as recommended by AI algorithms, but select and watch the news themselves. Just as there are advantages to everything, there are certainly disadvantages. Algorithms are almost impossible to stop all the problems that have arisen with YouTube, which has become very influential today. However, it is the wisest way for users to develop a critical view without consuming the contents of cyber-reckers. Therefore, it is very necessary for people to develop their media literacy ability to analyze and evaluate media, rather than simply absorb it as it is.

• 작성일 2021-08-26
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