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제 11 호 Cycle of Food Delivery: Foundation of Social Issues

Kicker: SOCIETY (DELIVERY) Cycle of Food Delivery: Foundation of Social Issues I Bet We All Know What is at Stake Here Do-Hyuk Kim, Cub Reporter/Yeong-Jin Choi, Reporter ndapple0921@gmail.com/pch39067@gmail.com There’s no area which COVID-19 hasn’t made its way, but everyone will easily agree that food delivery industry’s growth is higher than ever. Rapid food delivery cycle via telephone was one of globally renowned culture and strength of South Korea, and development of smartphone and fear of being infected led it to be one of the world’s most efficient food delivery system. It genuinely is fast and convenient that even a toddler can order what they want, but every single step of food delivery is causing social issues. Skyrocketing complaints over internet implies that we and our society have already collected a lot of troubles over time, but people tend to disregard this issue since its uncanny ease of use. In this article, we decided to zoom in to social issues made by food delivery system microscopically and report problems of each step of ordering food. Collision between Obnoxious Customers, Restaurants, and Delivery People What would be the first step when we order something? Pick up our phone and punch a series of numbers and start saying what we would like to have? Sure. Let’s say that we order some foods online by using applications. What would we do first then? We would very likely to turn the app on, select what we want to eat for dinner, and move on to the payment window. If the restaurant offers a good chance such as “extra foods for the ones who write review events”, lots of you would write “Yes, please”. However, this whole ordering process is for normal people who are polite and are completely fulfilled with the system. Some people who are considered as “impolite” are called obnoxious* customers. They tend to think that they are more superior then the clerks, and often ask impossible and incomprehensible things like “I am so hungry at the moment, and I want the food to arrive at my place in less than 3 minutes.” Or “If you do not follow my request, I will rate your restaurant that it is such an awful place.” Koreans tend to consider a delivery person as low-educated and losers of their life. Some say that their prejudice* is justified. They answer that when they turn on the news, they can easily find out that delivery men sneak some of the foods that people already paid for. Furthermore, when they drive, many delivery people drive too fast, risking the lives of many people on the street. They seldomly break into a line just because they have a delivery to make, which also threatens the lives of many. Of course, it is true that society is focusing on the bad effects that delivery men are causing. However, that fact cannot justify people’s unprovoked* disrespect toward riders. Over 55 percent of the “riders” have answered that they want people to recognize their job from a positive point of view with the question, “What changes do you want for a better service environment?” Even right at the moment, many riders are being heavily offended by obnoxious customers without clear reasons, claiming that they are uneasy while working. *Obnoxious: Very unpleasant or rude. *Prejudice: An unfair and unreasonable opinion or feeling, especially when formed without enough thought or knowledge. *Unprovoked: Not caused by anything done or said. Delivery: Rapid Response System of Easing off Hunger Right Away Too Fast Second process of food delivery system is receiving the food I’ve ordered, and delivery is mainly done by motorbikes. This is the point where Korean food delivery system was highly praised for its expeditiousness, and also is the point where lots and lots of social issues occur. Food delivery motorbikes scarcely obey traffic rules, boasting reckless driving skills on both tarmac and pavement. Public roads are place where everyone coexists and should be respectful to each other, but these motorbikes act like they’re ruling the streets. Korean government claimed that number of deaths from Food delivery motorbike-related accidents has risen last year. The quick food delivery service was born thanks to Korean’s tendency to handle everything super quick, and this now applies to food delivery men, whom are forced to risk their lives to make it on time and give threats to other people. This should have to stop. Motorbikes not only annoy people by their exuberant driving style, but also make people unpleasant by modifications made on them. Eye-popping neon decorations and extremely loud exhaust noises make people near motorbikes infuriated. Excessively bright accessories installed on motorbikes threat cars and pedestrians especially at night. Some apartments eventually banned entry of these motorbikes in their complex due to safety and noise issues. Our thoughts on those tuned motorbikes are, police should crackdown on illegally tuned motorbikes more often and thoroughly. Delivery fee per food differentiating by restaurant’s own standards, while asking too much of it considering how postal service delivering package costs, makes consumers of food delivery service feel unfairly treated. These rates range from at least 1,000 KRW up to 6,000 KRW. We all know we have to spend more to save time and receiving food from store few kilometers away within twenty minutes is a big amount of saving, but most people agree that these fees are too highly rated. Since food delivery service is a nationwide-popular industry, I think government should kick in and offer specific guideline. The key of Korean food delivery services’ success is now holding its bigger growth back, so immediate action should take place to resolve delivery motorbike derived problems. In-App Store Ratings Threatening Restaurant’s Will to Live In-App Store Rating System After consuming what I’ve ordered, consumers can give ratings to the restaurant and delivery service whether they have enjoyed the experience. These ratings make huge influence on store’s sales figures, so restaurant owners always try their best to keep it high. Sufficient amount of reviews and five-star rating per each review are both required to meet this high standard, and some consumers wield their right and status of giving ratings to make personal profit. Not so few cases of giving the minimum amount of star regardless of the service they’ve received just for fun was once reported on television news, and these fake reviews lead to less exposure to consumers in ordering smartphone applications. Reduced direct exposure to consumers means high chance of declining sales, and in some extreme cases, entire restaurant can go out of business. Responsive attitude is required for writing ratings, and food-ordering platforms should develop filters which can cut off inappropriate reviews and leave proper ones behind. Disposable Wastes and Environmental Problem “There is no food which cannot be delivered in Korea.” Korea’s delivery service is very well-known worldwide for its speed and convenience. There are many positive effects we can count of, but many people also criticize that pollution delivery wastes are contributing to. Since COVID-19, the rate of disposable usage has skyrocketed*. Comparing with 2019, food delivery has increased over 78 percent, resulting in 19 percent increase in plastic waste, and 14 percent increase in Styrofoam*. Authoritative* document dealing with the survey on “the most severe usage of throwaway plastic” published on KEI in December 2019 has showed that 28.8 percent of people answered that delivery waste was the biggest threat. It has been long past since disposable wastes became a serious social issue, and both the consumers and food industries are deeply agreeing that using sustainable packing materials is important. Nevertheless, both of them are facing hardships because of its convenience and price. Customers are feeling guilty of the outcome that their delivery is taking a big part in environmental pollution. Yet, all they can do to lessen the waste is to check “Spoon and a pair of chopsticks not needed”. A non-profit organization to protect the environment, GreenKorea, had claimed that more options must be given for the customers to select “No throwaway container needed” as well as no spoons and chopsticks needed. Possible alternatives given these circumstances are first, customers must be able to find and choose out the franchise business operators that uses multi-use containers. Second, discounts must be supported if customers bring the containers, and third, there should be discounts on charges from franchises which uses multi-use containers. *Skyrocket: To rise extremely quickly or make extremely quick progress towards success. *Styrofoam: A brand name for a type of polystyrene: a light, usually white plastic used especially for putting around delicate objects inside containers to protect them from damage, or for putting around something to prevent it from losing heat. Food delivery service is considered both convenient and speedy. It is no wonder that people choose to deliver food for their daily meal. In spite of the given benefits, there are many issues pointed out during the cycle of food delivery. Though it is impossible to completely eliminate the food delivery system itself, we must pay closer attention of what impacts can be caused during the delivery and pay even more attention to improve and to make a better life for people, for the environment, and for the future. Sources: https://www.mk.co.kr/news/business/view/2019/04/273083/ https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/society/environment/1007290.html https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200912055300530 https://www.hkbs.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=628288

• 작성일 2021-08-25
• 좋아요 Like 1

제 10 호 Hardships of University Graduates

Kicker: SOCIETY (SOCIAL WELFARE) Hardships of University Graduates What is “NEET”? Yeong-Jin Choi, Reporter pch39067@gmail.com Do you agree with the society’s perception of college and university graduates getting a job is becoming harder and harder? Hardships of university graduates getting a job was there before COVID-19. After the Corona virus, university students are feeling depressed that opportunities and speculations to get a job like doing volunteer work, studying abroad, taking part in extracurricular activities, and doing volunteer work abroad have been banned. Therefore, I would like to share how serious university graduates’ unemployment crisis is and illustrate how to improve the current situation. What is “NEET”? What is “NEET”? NEET is an abbreviation for not in education, employment, or training. The term is used by the government to describe a young person who is no longer in school and does not have a job or is not training to do a job. Shortly saying, NEET is a word to classify young people who are both not ready and not wanting to be employed. The classification originated in the United Kingdom in the late 1990s, and its use has spread in varying degrees to other countries and regions including Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan, Canada, and the United States. In the United Kingdom, where the term first originated, the classification comprises people aged between 16 and 24. Youth unemployment has been an escalating problem in the United Kingdom since 2005. Current Status of Youth Unemployment The Causes of Youth Unemployment of the United Kingdom Experts presume that the causes of youth unemployment are these: a lack of jobs, young people lack skills needed for work, credentialism*, lack of qualifications or appropriate qualification, rise in retirement age, recruitment methods, poor vocational* options, welfare, gaps between education and employment, employers prefer to work with experienced staff, young people’s expectations, lack of accurate and engaging career information, employment legislation*, employers perceptions of young people, lack of quality vocational pathways*, workfare, and so on. The Solutions of Youth Unemployment of the United Kingdom The United Kingdom is trying to fix the unemployment by youth engagement activities. The experts believe the solutions to youth unemployment are these: increase employer support, reduce employment legislation that creates a barrier for employers to work with young people, help employers to recognize the value of skills and behaviors as well as academic criteria, ensure education priorities employability skills and career learning for young people as well as quality academia, improve the quality and relevance of vocational routes and qualifications, ensure career education is aligned with the needs of the economy, local labor market information and is motivation and inspirational, help young people to value work of all entry levels to raise aspirations that there are many good jobs that are overlooked, create a welfare system that supports young people to find employment or training opportunities, and improve the coordination of all of the youth engagement activities so that information can be shared, and so that young people will benefit from collaboration and improved signposting. OCED Handling Youth Unemployment How are other countries handling youth unemployment? OCED sets out a toolkit measures that countries and stakeholders can take to tackle high youth unemployment and underemployment and to promote better employment outcomes for young pole in the long run by equipping them with relevant skills and removing barriers to their employment. They have an Action Plan for Youth to tackle the current youth unemployment crisis and to strengthen the long-term employment prospects of youth. OCED can help working with countries to develop national and local action plans and organizing workshops on good practice to implement this plan. Studies of Korea’s Youth Unemployment The unemployment rate remained unchanged at 10 percent in April from 10 percent in March of 2021. This rate is remarkable as it has risen a 1.8 percent point since December 2020. The study claims that the NEET rate reached 18.4 percent in Korea in 2017, compared with the 13.4 percent cross-country OCED average. The study also says that one of the reasons for the elevated share of college or university graduates who are NEET is that they may take breaks to attend informal educational institutions. It adds that NEETs are actually preparing for university or company entry exams or following informal education courses such as language courses to prepare for their futures. Other studies, however, indicate that the major reason of youth unemployment is because of not recruiting new employees in the period. The result shows that the country’s job market will worsen, particularly for young people, since 41.3 percent of the large firms had no plans of opening up jobs or had yet to confirm their recruiting plans for the first half of the year. South Korea’s Youth Unemployment Rate Current Situation of South Korea’s Youth Unemployment and Its Cause South Korea was among the few countries without a youth unemployment problem prior to the 1997 economic crisis. However, the problem first appeared in 1998, in the aftermath of the crisis. The main causes of the youth unemployment are these: cutting costs and replacing labor with technology in big firms, the size of the youth population is decreasing, but the trend is much slower than the decreases in the number of jobs, meaning more young people are without jobs. The educational upgrading among Korean youth is one. As more 25 to 29 age group of young people stayed in university, the proportion of young people participating in the labor market declined. Factors like the decline of the economic growth rate, increase of part-time workers, low payment employee rate, shortage of superior occupations, and a serious gap between big firms and small firms have caused severe youth unemployment too. Experts pointed out that while the United States and other OECD countries have been improving youth unemployment rates since the economic depression in 2008, the Korean situation has gotten worse. Picture of Youth Unemployment Solutions Government Offers and Experts' Recommendations The government of South Korea has announced The Solution of Youth Unemployment in September 2003 which suggests direct occupation production, reorganizing education system, and supporting workshops and vocational trainings. First, to produce direct occupations, government suggests vocational trainings such as expansion of social occupations, interning abroad, and volunteer works overseas. Government also provides programs that can help people search for their preferences on their careers. Nevertheless, the experts point out that the policies the government is promoting for the decline of youth unemployment are somewhat more advanced than the past, but at the same time hard to carry out consistently and carry obvious limitations of offering differentiated occupation services. Therefore, they suggest a partnership between school, local communities, enterprises, labor unions, as well as central and local government to promote policies. The major causes of youth unemployment are lack of jobs, gaps between big firms and small firms, and companies’ preferences of experienced employees. Nonetheless, I suppose that it is important for the government and enterprises to offer more opportunities to the youth. If the situation lasts a long time, it will become a big loss for both the youths and for the society. Expecting for the situation to improve, I hope for the best for Sangmyung students who are preparing to get a job in the middle of COVID-19. Source(s): https://url.kr/t21gvw https://url.kr/ipsvf3 https://url.kr/zg1rid https://url.kr/umcbp2 https://url.kr/ui4bde https://url.kr/abpqn9 https://url.kr/y5hjsk https://url.kr/n4fhz2 https://url.kr/c6ok8b https://url.kr/lfpyqz

• 작성일 2021-05-27
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 10 호 The Need to Stop Stalking in the Name of Love

Kicker: SOCIETY(LAW) The Need to Stop Stalking in the Name of Love :Until when should stalking be written off as an excuse of love? By Eun-Jae Choi, Reporter Weloveeun123@naver.com On March 25, 2021, a mother and daughters were killed one after another in an apartment in Nowon-gu, Seoul. The perpetrator's name is "Kim Tae-hyun," and he reportedly planned the crime because A, who he found out in an online game, cut off contact and did not meet him. Many people were shocked by the controversy over the crime of stalker Kim Tae-hyun, who appeared to have planned meticulously to kill three family members. However, additionally it is also known that Kim had stalked male students for years in the past. As a result, people have become more aware of stalking crimes as potential crimes that can cause murder, raising calls for improving the previously controversial stalking punishment law. <Photo of Kim Tae-hyun, the perpetrator of the Nowon-gu murder case> "Because I love you." The saying, "There's no tree that doesn't go over 10 times" used to achieve goals after trying is very appropriate to compare the psychology of stalking criminals in modern society. Why did this proverb, which started in a good sense, become negative to people? The reason is that stalking criminals are rationalizing their behavior by substituting proverbs. In fact, stalking criminals have a similar psychology to proverbs in some ways. But the saying is that if the proverb stresses the importance of 'steady effort', criminals cause false obsession, delusions and murder and assault as their goals. Why does a seemingly morbid* stalker happen? In fact, stalking criminals have a common morbid possessive and obsession with their counterparts. In this process, they do not consider the other person's intentions or feelings and show that they are all one-sided, such as expressing and demanding emotions. In the case of Kim Tae-hyun, who was mentioned earlier, he also showed strong obsession with the victim and continued to contact her and find her home address. Such a strong obsession can lead to a "delusional disorder." Delusional disorder is a state of misguided belief due to its distorted interpretation of reality. It also shows symptoms of having false thoughts about the other person's feelings or the person related to the other person and considering them as true. Therefore, even if the other party expresses its refusal, stalking is repeated because it interprets it in its own way and rather mistakes that it wants its obsession. Actually, criminal psychologists claim that the biggest cause of stalking is a sense of victimization caused by emotional deprivation*. Emotional deficiencies in family, relationships, and friendship lead to a sense of victimization, and psychology to compensate for them in the wrong way is at work. In addition, experts advised that the victim should not try to understand or listen to the perpetrators' obsession at all. *Morbid: very interested in unpleasant things, especially death, and you think this is strange *Deprivation: not have or are prevented from having something that you want or need Awareness of overseas stalking According to the National Police Agency, the number of stalking crimes reported between January and July 2020 was 2,756. An average of 13 stalking reports are received per day. However, only 298 of the 2,756 stalking crimes paid a fine of 80,000 won. Comparing the number of reports and punishment from 2018 to 2020, when stalking reports began to be managed, the number of punishments compared to the number of reports was only 19.62% in 2018, 10.6% in 2019, and 10.8% in July 2020. In other words, only one out of every 10 cases will be punished, and nine out of every 10 stalking suspects will not be punished. However, experts say stalking is a serious problem in that it is likely to develop into violent crimes such as assault, injury, confinement*, murder and sexual violence. How are stalking crimes handled overseas? First, the United States is the first country to criminalize stalking. In the 1990s, the government already established relevant regulations that defined stalking as a crime and strengthened punishment. In addition, a special law was enacted and enforced in the UK in 1997, while Germany established the "Punishment of Persistent Follow-Up Act" in 2007 to punish approaches or repeated contacts without consent from the other party. Japan also enacted the Act on the Regulation of Stalker Behavior in 2000. As the special law continued to be enacted in each country, we know that the difference can be seen in that stalking was classified as a serious crime with rapid response. *Confinement: the state of being forced to stay in a prison or another place which you cannot leave Changes made after 22 years The need for legislation to strengthen the punishment of stalking crimes has continued to be raised, but since it was first proposed in the 15th National Assembly, a total of 14 proposals have been made to the 20th National Assembly, but not a single case has been passed at the plenary session. However, the stalking punishment law was passed by the National Assembly for the first time in 22 years due to the Kim Tae-hyun incident. If we look closely at this, the sentence and amount of punishment, such as imprisonment of up to five years or fines of up to 50 million won, have increased. It is surprising that the legislation has been enacted in recognition of the seriousness of stalking in 22 years, but there is also a hidden background. That is because of the clause* 'against the will of the victim'. The clause, set out in the bill, raised the issue of effectiveness because there is secondary abuse to victims and victims may be forced and threatened by perpetrators to avoid statements. Experts say, "People think the world has changed just by looking at the creation of the stalking punishment law. However, in reality, nothing changes unless a crime occurs, so the world can change accompanied by social perceptions that respect each other, not 'because of the law, because the law is scary. " *Clause: a section of a legal document As experts said earlier, legal measures are very necessary because a premature approach to stalker crimes may cause great anger, but they should also be improved in various fields such as counseling, education, and the environment to prevent such tragic incidents in society. In reality, stalking victims are constantly complaining of mental pain, but they are not protected just because there is no physical threat. In the wake of the "Kim Tae-hyun incident," protecting victims should be treated as a top priority so that they won't be able to endanger victims in society or around them and no more unfortunate incidents occur.

• 작성일 2021-05-27
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제 9 호 Slap on the Wrist!

Kicker: SOCIETY (LAW) Slap on the Wrist! Issues about Law Applications Yeong-Jin Choi, Eun-Jae Choi, Reporter pch39067@gmail.com, weloveeun123@naver.com Have you ever heard about the ‘Nth Room’ incident* that became a big issue in Korea? ‘Nth Room’ incident was about sexual harassment* and exploitation* of women by many men. It was a very serious crime, but when citizens protested to open all the identities of men, the request was denied and only a few of them were revealed. After that, many citizens questioned the justice of Korea, that the punishment is too light compared to what the criminals committed. Therefore, I would like to focus on the ‘Nth Room’ incident over many crimes and talk about the existing problems of Korea’s law applications*. *Incident: An event that is either unpleasant or unusual. *Harassment: Behavior that annoys or upsets someone. *Exploitation: The use of something in order to get an advantage from it. *Application: A way in which a rule or law, etc. relates to or is important for someone or something. What is Digital Sexual Violence? Government defines digital sexual violence as any kinds of crimes that happen within online and offline by using digital devices and Internet Technology. The crime includes not only to take pictures without someone else’s permission, but also to spread it, save it, or upload it. If the action is considered to violate someone’s sexual or personal rights in cyber space, the action is recognized as a form of digital sexual violence without doubt. An Illustration of Digital Sexual Violence Why is the Revision of The Law Important? After the ‘Nth Room’ incident, many laws have been renewed. Since laws that deal with sexual violence have been put back for a long time, the terrifying issue of the ‘Nth Room’ made people to focus on how many laws about sexual harassment have been neglected*. Laws to protect children and teenagers, how to punish crimes that are considered as sexual violence, and laws that were related with the Internet were the three major laws that were changed and improved. Such revisions* of the laws above are important for the following two reasons: First, it identifies clearly that digital sexual violence is also a crime. Plus, it prevents further digital crimes and helps establish a safe internet environment. *Neglect: To not give enough care or attention to people or things that are your responsibility. *Revision: A change that is made to something, or the process of doing this. Comparison Between Korea and America Even now, many sexual violence criminals are sentenced a probation* instead of going to jail. Many of those who are sentenced receive a penal* servitude* with six months minimum to five years maximum in Korea. In contrast, countries abroad are severely punishing such criminals. In America, for example, these kind of criminals these kinds of criminals are sentenced for more than ten years average. The ‘Mark P. Barnwell’ incident, which happened in America, is a similar case like the ‘Nth Room’, which is also about cyber sexual harassment, as he created and distributed the photos of 43 underaged children. He was sentenced to 35 years of penal servitude. As we can see from this case, America punishes especially hard when it comes to children’s sexual harassment. Comparing with Korea and America about child sexual violence, Korea’s law application and the degree of the punishment seems illogical and unfair. Mark P. Barnwell *Probation: A period of time when a criminal must behave well and not commit any more crimes in order to avoid being sent to prison. *Penal: Of or relating to punishment given by law. *Servitude: The state of being under the control of someone else and of having no freedom. Digital Sexual Violence Cases in Korea As technology advances, digital sexual violence problems in Korea have continuously existed. However, people had not been very conscious about the danger of digital sexual violence until the 'nth room' incident. This 'nth room' incident was so shocking and cruel that it caused a lot of *repercussions in society; however, there have been many other incidents before the 'nth room' case. Digital sexual violence term was first used for shutting down the site 'Soranet' that had the largest distribution of illegal pornography in Korea on October 28th, 2015. The ‘Soranet’ site avoided the network in the same way as changing its address. However, as more than 100,000 petitions and overseas cooperation investigations in the U.S. and the Netherlands were conducted, the owner of the 'Soranet' site was arrested and the site was shut down. The *court sentenced the defendant ‘A’ to only four years in prison, while the co-operator ‘B’ was fined only 5 million won. Not only that, there were also incidents that made the entertainment industry tumultuous*in 2018. According to the case of singer Gu Ha-ra, her ex-boyfriend was accused of threatening to distribute illegally filmed sex videos while conducting dating violence against her. The first trial found the accused innocent of the allegations*and sentenced him to one year and six months in prison and three years of probation. After the first trial's ruling, she was found dead, and there was much that was pessimistic*about her personal life. This incident made many people feel sorry. In the second trial, the court issued the same punishment as the first trial, which was criticized as a light punishment. In addition, many male celebrities were charged with violating the Special Act on the Punishment of Sexual Violence for committing crimes against women by filming and distributing illegal videos, but the cases were also punished with probation, sparking anger among many people. Choi Jong-beom and Big Bang's former members Seungri and Jung Joon-young *tumultuous : A period of time involves many exciting and confusing events or feelings *court : place where legal matters are decided by a judge and jury or by a magistrate *allegation : statement saying that someone has done something wrong *pessimistic : Someone who is pessimistic thinks that bad things are going to happen Digital sexual violence current situation and problems Digital sexual violence are coming out continuously even in the face of increased sentences. Critics point out that this is due to the court's light punishment. According to an analysis of the first trial of digital sexual violence over the past five years, the proportion of probation increased from 27.7% in 2015 to 48.9% as of 2020. Despite the tougher punishment, digital sex crimes were reported to have increased by 26.1% from 2015. In response, it was analyzed for a consistent reason that the court has a lot of probation rather than strictly applying the punishment standard. Furthermore, it is necessary to discuss the need for a system for crime prevention, such as the introduction of a system that punishes operators if they do not introduce a harmful video filtering program and camouflage*investigation. *camouflage: Hide so as not to reveal After the ‘nth room’ incident, people began to recognize the dangers of digital sexual crimes by disclosing the identity of defendants and executing policy changes. However, digital crimes are continuing with many sites avoiding investigation network and new incident cases emerging. So, people have to speak out, and it is important to solve the problem of digital sexual crimes with strong punishment by the judiciary*. *judiciary: the branch of authority in a country which is concerned with law and the legal system Sources: https://biz.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/05/20/2020052003302.html http://www.knnews.co.kr/news/articleView.php?idxno=1338004 https://www.newspim.com/news/view/20200331000156 http://news.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0015116519&code=61111111&cp=nv http://www.mediaus.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=205701

• 작성일 2021-03-03
• 좋아요 Like 3

제 9 호 Emotional Abuse of University Students

Kicker: SOCIETY (MENTAL VIOLENCE) Emotional Abuse of University Students Young People’s Inside Is Being Rotten By Yoo-Jung Kim, Editor-in-Chief / Sol-Hyang Park, Reporter kyjmimi121@naver.com / cookie7152@naver.com "Don't show up, die quietly." "You can't die just saying I want to die." These are the comments on a post written by a Seoul Women's University student last year on “Everytime,” a university student community anonymous app. The student uploaded several posts on Everytime to gain mental comfort, but some users wrote malicious comments like mentioned. In the end, she made an extreme choice in October last year. This kind of emotional abuse is now prevalent among university students. What Is Emotional Abuse? Emotional abuse, often called psychological abuse, is a form of abuse committing mental violence - insulting, embarrassing, frightening, or otherwise manipulating someone emotionally. Closely related to verbal abuse, it is very common in any relationship and appeared in various ways. It includes bullying in school or workplaces, gaslighting, or writing malicious comments online, etc. In fact, emotional abuse is hard to define the range. Therefore, it is hard to recognize it. It can be subtle, overt, manipulative – slowly threatens someone’s mental state, not easily being noticed. It may lead to psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, or PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder.) It breaks down one person, making one have no reason for living. The Digital Prison Accident Especially these days, emotional abuse is prevalent on the Internet among young people. Besides the accident mentioned above, there was a digital prison accident last year. It was an accident that a 20-year-old University student committed suicide, as his personal information was exposed on a website “digital prison”, where illegally disseminated personal information was revealed. The site was opened around March 2020, introducing itself as a site revealing personal information of malicious criminals in South Korea. However, they subjectively defined the criminal, and even disseminated personal information of non-criminal people. <A translation of a real digital prison site> The student was one of the victims of the site. In July of 2020, the site posted his personal information such as his photos, school number, major and phone number saying that he asked someone to edit photos of acquaintances into pornography. The student explained he had never done that on his school Everytime, but the site kept his identity public. He had been under a lot of stress from malicious comments and threats, and eventually committed suicide. The police arrested a first site operatorin Vietnam, who was a drug offender and also operated the “Nth room.” It was found that he made the site to spread judicial distrust and disturb public trust in order, to cover up his crime. The site is now blocked, and the police are continuing to investigating a second operator. Emotional Abuse of University Students There is a tendency to abuse others emotionally by behaving anonymously on the Internet or in certain communities and posting negative comments. This trend is also occurring frequently among university students. Based on the previous case, the frequency and severity of emotional abuse among university students is increasing, but it is a big problem to think of it as a simple joke rather than recognizing it as "emotional abuse." Recently, there was an incident in which a teacher abused his students emotionally. We can see that university students who have committed and received emotional abuse become members of society. It should be recognized that emotional abuse, from children to university students to adults, affects each other, and has a negative impact. It is difficult to clearly determine the standard of emotional abuse, so there are not many related countermeasures or appropriate laws. These points make it difficult to establish solutions to fundamental emotional abuse. The Attitude We Need to Have Therefore, university students need to recognize the meaning of emotional abuse. In particular, in Everytime, which is famous for its community of university students, one should think from another's perspective, comment or writing. Socially, laws and systems should be discussed to protect those in need from emotional abuse by others. Rather than criticizing others, an attitude of understanding and thinking from the perspective of the person is necessary for everyone who is hidden under anonymity beyond university students. These days, both perpetrators and victims of emotional abuse are younger more than before and the intensity of emotional abuse is stronger. I hope we live a useful life rather than hurting each other in a community where everyone lives together. In particular, as students of Sangmyung University, I hope we can all become students of Sangmyung University who think, talk, act, and have a positive impact on each other. Sources : https://www.ibabynews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=43627 https://news.mt.co.kr/mtview.php?no=2020112417202090730 https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200905041500004 http://www.civicnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=30228 https://www.womennews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=202669

• 작성일 2021-03-02
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제 8 호 Heavy Work in Youth Is Rest in Old Age?

Kicker: SOCIETY (FINANCE) Heavy Work in Youth Is Rest in Old Age? Youth Poverty Problem and Related Policies by Sol-Hyang Park, Reporter cookie7152@naver.com There is a saying that "Heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age." It means that if you experience hard and difficult things in your youth, you can gain experience and live a better life later. However, it is questionable whether such a saying is for the current generation of young people who are living in an unfavorable environment where poverty is becoming more entrenched than in the past. 1. The Youth Poverty The current youth, who have the best qualifications in history due to their high college entrance rates, are facing difficult times. In Korean society, where college graduation has become mandatory, the majority of young people start their careers by paying off their student loans. Even if one barely gets a job, what young people first meet in the real society is continual restructuring, an unstable labor market, and rising housing prices. According to the report by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs in 2017, the poverty rate between the ages of 25 to 29 has been rising steadily from 4.7% in 2013, 5.9% in 2014 and 7.1% in 2015. Moreover, once poor young people are very likely to remain in poverty. In fact, the relative income poverty rate of young people aged 19 to 34 was 6.7% in 2006, and the poverty rate was 6.3% in 2015 when they turned 28 to 43. As a result, once poor young people are not easy to get out of poverty no matter how much effort they make. What policies has the government introduced to solve these youth poverty problems? 2. Youth Income Guarantee System\ To solve the problem of youth poverty, Seoul and Gyeonggi Province introduced 'Youth Allowance' and 'Youth Basic Income'. In the case of Gyeonggi-do Province, all young people aged 24 are paid unconditionally. In the case of Seoul, the benefits vary depending on the qualification requirements like young people aged 19 to 34 who are unemployed or those who are more than two years old after graduation. It is seemingly a clean and good policy. However, there is a common problem with both policies. Among young people, if they are recipients of national basic livelihood security, the government takes it as a double payment, so they are excluded from benefits. Seoul officials tried to allow basic livelihood recipients to receive youth allowances, but the Ministry of Health and Welfare said it was difficult. It is a welfare policy that goes against equity. In other words, the poorer the person is, the more isolated he or she is from welfare. 3. Young Tomorrow Deduction “The Young Tomorrow Deduction (청년내일채움공제)” policy has been implemented since July, 2016 to promote the inflow of unemployed young people (ages 15 to 34) into small businesses, to support long service and assets building for young people employed in small businesses, and to ease wage gaps with large companies. There are two-year and three-year forms. In the case of the two-year form, if a young person (aged 15-34) who is employed for the first time in a company that has joined the Youth Tomorrow Fill Deduction pays a total of 3 million (1.25 million per month) for two years, he can receive 16 million and (+interest) two years later. In the case of the three-year form, if one pays a total of 6 million (1.65million per month) for three years, he can receive 30 million. Only young people who are employed by companies certified as "root companies" can join. While it may serve the purpose of maintaining long service for young people and raising lump sum money, one of the challenges is that the workplace is small businesses. Workplaces can be very poor and disastrous. Young people should have to choose the company carefully. The moment you are simply blinded by money, you are bound to regret it. In fact, the project is not only for young people but also for small businesses. All conditions could not be met only by young workers. It is inevitable for young people to endure hard working hours. 4. The Youth Business Internship System "The Youth Business Internship System (청년취업인턴제)" enhances the possibility of full-time employment for unemployed young people through internships by supporting part of the company's labor costs for up to one year. It is for unemployed young people (aged 15-34). The process is five step : applying for personal internships → examination of qualifications → job matching and counseling → pre-job training → internship. It seems to be a good policy for young people preparing for employment. However, judging from the annual surge in youth unemployment, it seems not to have much effect. This is expected to continue with the Corona crisis. I pointed out the main government policies for young people. In addition, there are several other policies supporting tuition and housing expenses for young people. Also, large companies, such as POSCO, are actively supporting young people. Please make sure to look into the benefits you can receive through these links. Even if the benefits are minimal, it would be better than not knowing! (https://www.korea.kr/special/policyCurationView.do?newsId=148864193&pWise=main&pWiseMain=K3) (http://youth.posco.com/posco/edu/index.php?mod=education&pag=education01) Major policies for young people mostly focus on only employment. Even this is doubtful of effectiveness. The youth welfare policies should be integrated in terms of income, employment, assets and housing. Young people should be a practical subject of welfare, as they are the major growth engines in the future.I hope that young people will be rewarded later as much as they have suffered. Sources : https://www.pressian.com/pages/articles/264439#0DKU https://newsroom.posco.com/kr/%EC%B2%AD%EB%85%84-%EB%81%9D%EB%82%A0-%EB%95%8C%EA%B9%8C%EC%A7%80-%EB%81%9D%EB%82%9C-%EA%B2%8C-%EC%95%84%EB%8B%88%EB%8B%A4/ https://www.ytn.co.kr/_ln/0102_202010131728326438 https://www.sbcplan.or.kr/main.do?introGbn=02 http://repository.kihasa.re.kr/bitstream/201002/20831/1/2017.2%20No.244.02.pdf

• 작성일 2020-12-05
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제 7 호 Electric Scooters, Two-faces of Smart Mobility

KICKER: SOCIETY (SHARING SERVICE) Electric Scooters, Two-faces of Smart Mobility Revolutionary or far to go? By Dong-Wook Kim, Reporter smartpodo@kakao.com Recently, sharing service has been such a trend around the world. You can easily find lots of people on crowded streets, riding electric scooters to reach their destinations. However, due to the short history of sharing services, their laws and cultures are not settled yet. Can there be some problems with electric scooters, despite having become popular attractions of consumers and the market at the same time? Appearance of a New Transportation If you are thinking to move just a few meters, but you think it is unclear whether to ride a bus or go on foot, electric scooters can be something tempting for you. It is simple to ride electric scooters around if you just download the application on your smartphone and find where the scooters are parked. It is perfect for pedestrians who are willing to move shorter distances than riding buses or subways. Just by looking at the crowded cities, you can easily spot students, office workers and some self-employed people riding electric scooters to go to their destinations. Smart cities, cities combined with electronics, have been a solution to rapid urbanization. Electric Scooters Parked at the Corner of the Street Including personal mobilities, like electric scooters and electric bicycles, are called smart mobilities. Smart mobilities usually use electricity as their main power which means they do not emit exhaust gas when riding. Therefore, the importance of smart mobilities has come into prominence due to the eco-friendly system. According to the Korea Transport Institute, the smart mobility market is growing more than 20% annually. Korea’s smart mobility market scale is going to reach up to two hundred thousand smart mobilities by 2022. In conclusion, as smart mobilities develop, members of the society become comfortable. As for users, the process becomes efficient because they can use the optimal transportation through many situations of the traffic. In addition, less people are likely to use transportation based on roads, so we can expect traffic jams to happen less. For business purposes, the operators can collect the data of the users so they can further use. For instance, there can be information about individuals’ preferences of smart mobilities or the distance the smart mobility users travel on average. When Inventions Emerge, Problems Come Out Too As written above, smart mobility made our lives much easier than before. However, as smart mobility markets grow rapidly, the users and press are demanding to amend the law for user’s safety. Since this market is quite new and it differs from the original transportation on roads, here are some issues about smart mobility in Korea. Improvement of the Legal System Due to the expansion of smart mobilities, the maintenance of the legal system about vehicles must be amended. Until the 9th of June 2020, to ride electric scooters, you had to be older than 16 years old and also have a two - class driver license. If you still meet the former conditions, electric scooters are classified as a motor device so they were not allowed to be ridden on bicycle roads or sidewalks. Yet now the laws are amended for users to use more electric scooters. Users without the driver license can now ride electric scooters if they are older than age 13. Yet, the law will not come into effect until the 10th of December 2020. Still, there is a lot to legislate about riding electric scooters. As said before electric scooters are only allowed to be ridden on roads with vehicles. However, their maximum speed is controlled to be 25kmh which is quite dangerous if riding with cars. Safety Plans Should Be Drawn up With the improvement of legal systems, there should be some plans between the smart mobilities and the pedestrians or the vehicles. Just like electric scooters, bicycles are classified as a motor device. If there is an accident between the pedestrian and the rider, the rider is most likely to take most of the responsibility. Still, bicycles still have their private bicycle roads, but this is not the case for electric scooters. The users of the electric scooters are in a dilemma of riding on a dangerous road with vehicles or to threaten the pedestrians or bicycles on sidewalks. To ensure the safety of pedestrians, there should be laws that can make safer electric scooters. For instance, it can be an obligation to attach bells to warn the pedestrians or the reflector lights. It can also be an obligation to put on safety helmets and safety equipment while riding the scooters. Concerned with the low entry barriers of the scooters from December, safety training and riding guidelines should be widely spread among the users. A User Riding Electric Scooter without Safety Gears Parking Issues with Electric Scooters You might be wondering why parking scooters at a random place can be a problem, but it has a lot of drawbacks. Electric scooters have a parking system called free - floating, which the users can just park anywhere they want. This can be beneficial for the users to just use the electric scooters everywhere but not for the others who are using the road. Even some landlords are making an appeal that the random electric scooters are parked in front of their houses. There are no definite fines to the free - floating systems yet. Thus, the need for temporary parking places for electric scooters is desperate. The users of the scooters and the companies of these smart mobilities should intend for users to use the fixed parking place. Electric Scooter Parked at Someone's Property In 2020, there are more than 10 enterprises which are providing smart mobility services in Korea. While the service is growing its market fast, indeed, will there be more specific laws introduced for the electric scooter users and the pedestrians? I hope someday an agreement between the two shall be made so everyone can feel relaxed while riding electric scooters. Sources: https://hankookilbo.com/News/Read/202005111727051195 https://biz.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/09/28/2019092800735.html https://www.idsn.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=30413

• 작성일 2020-09-27
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제 6 호 Are You Just Going to Save Money?

Kicker: SOCIETY (FINANCE) Are You Just Going to Save Money? National Finance Enterprise for Youth by Ju-eun Yeon/Editor Yeonje1113@naver.com There is a national financial project for young people. The project is supported by the state and is being carried out for young people who have just begun to enter society. How much do you know about this project? Let’s take some time to see if there is a financial project you can apply for. ▲The Image of Dollar Terms of support for financial projects Since it is a state-supported financial project, special conditions are needed to apply for the product. it is the median income and age. We know what is median income? Median income is the income of 50 % of all households based on their income. This refers to the income of a household equivalent to 50 % of its total income. That is, the income of the middle-positioned households when they are lined up on an income-based basis. Types and contents of financial projects There are several national projects for young people, but his article describes the five national projects represented. Youth preferential savings bankbook, youth savings account, hope double youth bankbook, working youth bankbook, and speaking youth bankbook. ▲The Image of Saving 1) Youth Preferential Savings Bankbook Youth preferential savings bankbook is subscription accounts giving interest rates of up to 3.3 percent for young people. Those aged 19 to 34 and earning less than 30 million won a year can apply for the program if they are homeless or if they are expected to be homeless within three years. 2) Youth Savings Account The youth savings account is a product that will start anew in 2020, and if you save 100,000 won per month for three years, you can save a total of 14.4 million won by adding up the government’s subsidies. The target is young people between the ages of 15 and 39, or those with a median income of less than 50 percent. Youngpeople who work part-time jobs or temporary work can apply, so if you are a university student who works part-time jobs a lot, make sure to apply after meeting the conditions. It is impossible to overlap with tomorrow’s deduction for young people who work for small and medium-sized enterprises. To briefly explain tomorrow’s deduction, one can receive more than five times as much money as one’s savings to pave the way for future design. Based on the date of full-time employment, young people aged between 15 and 34 can apply if their wages are less than 3.5 million won per month. 3) Hope Double Youth Bankbook It is a bankbook that makes twice as much. Not only can you double the principal, but you can also receive interest. Savings and duration can be selected, and savings are in units of 50,000 won, 100,000 won, and 150,000 won, and the period is two or three years. The target condition requires conditions, including local conditions. It must be a young person between 18 and 34 who lives in Seoul. Income should be less than 200 won. Finally, you must be currently working or have experience in office. 4) The Working Youth Bankbook A working youth bankbook can be paid 10 million won if it saves 100,000 won per month for three years. The above-mentioned “hope double youth bank account” is centered in Seoul, while the working youth bank account is centered in Gyeonggi Province. For Gyeonggi Province,you can not only be a resident but also your place of work must be in Gyeonggi Province. Applicable if the median income is below 100 percent among working young people aged 18 to 24. 5) Speaking Youth Bankbook Youth hope raising account targeted livelihood benefits recipients. If you save 100,000 won a month for three years, you can receive a total of 15 million won, including information subsidies. The target is young workers aged between 15 and 39 who are recipients of livelihood benefits. The problems of national financial projects So far, we have looked at national financial projects targeting young people. Here is a question. Were readers aware of the business? There will be readers who know, but there will be some who do not. Although the country is currently carrying out various project for young people, the promotional effect is very minimal. Therefore, various promotional policies should be implemented so that many young people who meet the conditions can know and apply. Moreover, there are many restrictions on projects currently being carried out in the country. Since it is a national project, it is inevitable that restrictions will follow, but young people who are in a difficult economic situation due to the condition of median income are shunned. The government should make more efforts to solve these problems. Some of the financial projects may be suitable for Sangmyung University students who meet the conditions. In particular, Sangmyung University students who have moved their registration sites are more likely to meet the conditions. I hope you make a wise financial plan. Sources: https://blog.naver.com/luxuryjh72/221981486202 https://blog.naver.com/andyfirstlv/221880412351 https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=3534601&cid=40942&categoryId=31815 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNp2YAk1eKw

• 작성일 2020-06-30
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제 5 호 Corona Virus

Kicker: SOCIETY (DISEASE) Corona Virus Sociological Approach to Disease Inside the Country By Eugene Ha, Reporter eugine16@naver.com There has been a big issue around the world since New Year’s Day in 2020. It is not a nuclear bomb, not a world war, it is a virus. This is a new type of corona virus from China. This is a pathogen like SARS and MERS that causes severe respiratory symptoms, which have been problematic worldwide. Various phenomena are emerging due to this virus, and I would like to look at them from a sociological perspective in the categories of Aversion, Discrimination, Psychology and Countermeasures. ∙ Aversion and Discrimination The first social phenomenon to be highlighted by the new type of corona virus is an aversion that is more frightening than infection. It is a phenomenon of loathing for Chinese and Asians. We can clearly see this phenomenon through all the articles on the Internet, SNS, and related words mentioned with “disgusting.” In the last week of January, when the corona 19 began, “China” ranked 3rd after “Women” and “People,” and “Corona” first appeared in 5th place. From the third week of February, “Chinese” ranked 2nd, “Chinese Abomination” in 10th and “Chinese Entry” in 12th place. The frequency of the use of hateful expressions of “jjangkae,” which means disparaging Chinese people, has also increased. And we can see the emotional words mentioned were changed to “infected,” “disgusted” and “horror.” This aversion is spreading to Xenophobia, not simply stopping from Chinese abhorrence. Xenophobia which “Xenos,” means “a stranger” and “phobos,” means “horror, fear” is excluding and hating foreigners or strangers. ▲Related words with Phobia and Xenophobia In response, many human rights activists said, “Infectious diseases are a phenomenon that can be caught by anyone and spread around the world, but putting negative expressions on specific regions, gender and race can be the basis of discrimination.” It is creating an abomination and creating unfair human rights victims. This does not stop at discrimination. It affects Chinese food, culture and business. This is not a right thing. ∙ Psychology People’s fears of an infection are growing as they see real-time news on TV and see the growing number of infected people day by day. Corona symptoms include fever, cough, and sore throat. However, people wonder if it is corona even if they have headaches due to such anxiety and fear. If you look at the Internet, there are “corona headaches,” “corona stomachaches,” “corona dizziness,” and “corona diarrhea”. At times like this, the public needs to be more calm. However, there are some people who abuse using this psychology. There are people who write articles, sell foods or things that are not known to prevent disease, or make fake news about infected people and the dead. Such an immoral phenomenon should not occur. People should work together to overcome such an inevitable disease like the virus. ∙Countermeasures With more and more infected people coming out and their movements identified, Corona-related sites and applications are becoming an issue. On January 30, a “Corona Map,” which a student at Kyung Hee University made, allows users to see the movements of the infected patients. ▲Korea's first coronavirus-related site, “Corona Map” The “Corona Al-li-mi’’ site, developed by four students from KoreaUniversity, was then introduced on Feb. 2. Based on location information, this allows users to search for the location of an infected patient’s visit, a specific map of the clinic near the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and phone numbers. The other one, the “Coronaita” site, tells the number of places that have been closed or visited by a person within a three-kilometer radius of a particular place nationwide. And on March 5th, college students who created the above “Corona Al-li-mi” site opened the “Mask Al-li-mi” site, which provides information on mask inventory at convenience stores. They are also looking for ways to inform about not only convenience stores but also drug stores and marts. ▲From the left “Corona Al-li-mi”, “Coronaita”, and “Mask Al-li-mi” Now, if you look at the government's counterplan, there are postponement of elementary, middle and high schools, remote classes for college students, mask supply, and office telecommuting. Schools where young students live together all day and share meals are more vulnerable to infectious diseases. The opening of school on March 2nd was postponed until March 16th. Two weeks later it was postponed an additional 23 days due to severe local infection. Because it is impossible to secure enough masks to provide to students at present, there are no people who will agree to open schools under these such circumstances. Also, because university students gather from various regions, most universities are offering alternative courses by remote classes until April. Since office workers have to work with masks on and are exposed to infection, many companies are allowing telecommuting. The most problematic phenomenon is the lack of masks. As a result, the government introduced on March 5th that people can purchase masks according to their year of birth at pharmacies. You can buy two masks with your ID. It was implemented as a measure to cope with the unstable supply and demand of masks. In conclusion, the new corona virus has become a major issue worldwide, and we could find how it has affected various aspects of society. We could see changes in the way people cope with the situation and people's perception and behavior. Also, people could get fast and accurate information through various applications or sites. However, it is not right to just ignore and watch the situation where the Phobia phenomena leads to discriminatory remarks and indiscriminate assaults toward Asians as well as Chinese. The government should provide support in treating patients and provide monitoring and care to prevent the disease from spreading, and citizens should work together to prevent infection by doing social distancing and putting themselves in quarantine. Sources: http://www.mediatoday.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=205745 http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/society/rights/931870.html https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=2009635&cid=43667&categoryId=43667 https://www.fnnews.com/news/202003141638557570 https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200313172500004?input=1195m http://news.kbs.co.kr/news/view.do?ncd=4396733&ref=A https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=5926931&cid=43667&categoryId=43667

• 작성일 2020-03-20
• 좋아요 Like 3